转自:https://www.jianshu.com/p/95fb7be049ae
最近读了spring-boot开发手册,spring-boot相比于spring-mvc封装了很多常用的依赖,并且内置了tomcat容器,启动生成的jar包即可启动项目,也是目前流行的微服务常用框架。本文主要用到了spring-boot,以及mybatis,数据库用到了mysql。
准备工作
1.首先创建一个表:
CREATE TABLE `t_user` ( `USER_ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `USER_NAME` char(30) NOT NULL, `USER_PASSWORD` char(10) NOT NULL, `USER_EMAIL` char(30) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`USER_ID`), KEY `IDX_NAME` (`USER_NAME`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=11 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
插入一些数据:
INSERT INTO t_user (USER_ID, USER_NAME, USER_PASSWORD, USER_EMAIL) VALUES (1, '林炳文', '1234567@', 'ling20081005@126.com'); INSERT INTO t_user (USER_ID, USER_NAME, USER_PASSWORD, USER_EMAIL) VALUES (2, 'evan', '123', 'fff@126.com'); INSERT INTO t_user (USER_ID, USER_NAME, USER_PASSWORD, USER_EMAIL) VALUES (3, 'kaka', 'cadg', 'fwsfg@126.com'); INSERT INTO t_user (USER_ID, USER_NAME, USER_PASSWORD, USER_EMAIL) VALUES (4, 'simle', 'cscs', 'fsaf@126.com'); INSERT INTO t_user (USER_ID, USER_NAME, USER_PASSWORD, USER_EMAIL) VALUES (5, 'arthur', 'csas', 'fsaff@126.com'); INSERT INTO t_user (USER_ID, USER_NAME, USER_PASSWORD, USER_EMAIL) VALUES (6, '小德', 'yuh78', 'fdfas@126.com'); INSERT INTO t_user (USER_ID, USER_NAME, USER_PASSWORD, USER_EMAIL) VALUES (7, '小小', 'cvff', 'fsaf@126.com'); INSERT INTO t_user (USER_ID, USER_NAME, USER_PASSWORD, USER_EMAIL) VALUES (8, '林林之家', 'gvv', 'lin@126.com'); INSERT INTO t_user (USER_ID, USER_NAME, USER_PASSWORD, USER_EMAIL) VALUES (9, '林炳文Evankaka', 'dfsc', 'ling2008@126.com'); INSERT INTO t_user (USER_ID, USER_NAME, USER_PASSWORD, USER_EMAIL) VALUES (10, 'apple', 'uih6', 'ff@qq.com');
创建工程
我习惯于先创建好maven项目,构建目录再导入到编译器中,这样的好处就是搭建好一个脚手架模板,后面改改参数就可以用到各个工程里面。
构建pom.xml
4.0.0 com.boot testSpringBoot 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT testSpringBoot jar org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 1.5.9.RELEASE org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.mybatis.spring.boot mybatis-spring-boot-starter 1.3.1 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf mysql mysql-connector-java org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin
工程目录
创建的文件目录如图:
启动器以及controller
(1) 启动器
在com.boot(即最外层目录文件)下写一个如下main方法:package com.boot;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplication public class Application { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } }
(2)controller
在com.boot.web下创建一个类如下:package com.boot.web; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class MainController { @RequestMapping(value = "/") String home() { return "Hello World!"; } }
(3)启动项目
找到com.boot下的Application以java Application方式启动,然后打开浏览器输入localhost:8080就会出现Hello World!
添加java代码
(1)User.java
对应数据库中表的字段,放在src/main/java下的包com.boot.domainpackage com.boot.domain;public class User { private Integer userId; private String userName; private String userPassword; private String userEmail; public Integer getUserId() { return userId; } public void setUserId(Integer userId) { this.userId = userId; } public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public String getUserPassword() { return userPassword; } public void setUserPassword(String userPassword) { this.userPassword = userPassword; } public String getUserEmail() { return userEmail; } public void setUserEmail(String userEmail) { this.userEmail = userEmail; } @Override public String toString() { return "User [userId=" + userId + ", userName=" + userName + ", userPassword=" + userPassword + ", userEmail=" + userEmail + "]"; } }
(2)UserDao.java
Dao接口类,用来对应mapper文件。放在src/main/java下的包com.lin.dao,内容如下:package com.boot.dao; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper; import com.boot.domain.User; @Mapper public interface UserDao { public User selectUserById(Integer userId); }
(3)UserService.java和UserServiceImpl.java
service接口类和实现类,放在src/main/java下的包com.lin.service,内容如下:UserService.java
package com.boot.service;import com.boot.domain.User;public interface UserService { User selectUserById(Integer userId); }
UserServiceImpl.java
package com.boot.service.impl; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.boot.dao.UserDao; import com.boot.domain.User; import com.boot.service.UserService; @Service public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{ @Autowired private UserDao userDao; @Override public User selectUserById(Integer userId) { return userDao.selectUserById(userId); } }
(4)mapper文件
用来和dao文件对应,放在src/main/resources中的com/boot/mapper目录下
UserMapper.xml
资源配置
下列所有文件均在src/main/resources目录下
(1)spring-boot配置 不少人都Properties资源文件来配置,不过这种文件在eclipse编码的默认设置是ISO-8859-1,需要修改eclipse的设置才能显示中文。因此我比较喜欢用yml文件来配置,一个是结构明显,另外一个不用考虑编码的问题。application.yml
spring: thymeleaf: mode: HTML5 encoding: UTF-8 content-type: text/html # 开发禁用缓存 cache: false datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmDb?characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=true username: root password: password # 可省略驱动配置, sprin-boot 会由url检测出驱动类型 # driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver hikari: connection-timeout: 60000 mybatis: mapperLocations: classpath:com/boot/mapper/*.xml typeAliasesPackage: cn.boot.domain # spring-boot默认打印输出info级别以上的,可在此处修改输出级别 logging: level: root: info
(2)日志打印logback-spring.xml
%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n INFO ACCEPT DENY ./logs/info.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log 30 %date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n DEBUG ACCEPT DENY ./logs/debug.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log 30 %date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n ERROR ACCEPT DENY ./logs/error.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log 30 %date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n
单元测试
spring-boot单元测试只需引入spring-boot-starter-test即可,里面集成了Junit以及Spring Test & Spring Boot Test等依赖。
(1)测试基类
package com.boot.baseTest;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public abstract class SpringTestCase { Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); }
(2)测试类
package com.boot.serviceTest;import org.junit.Test;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import com.boot.baseTest.SpringTestCase; import com.boot.domain.User; import com.boot.service.UserService; public class UserServiceTest extends SpringTestCase{ Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); @Autowired private UserService userService; @Test public void selectUserByIdTest(){ User user = userService.selectUserById(10); logger.info("查找结果" + user); } }
选中测试类右键run as选中Junit Test即可,可以看到打印输出了id为10的User对象
2018-02-04 21:20:07,442 [main] INFO com.boot.serviceTest.UserServiceTest - 查找结果User [userId=10, userName=apple, userPassword=uih6, ]
若看到正常输出,此时可以开始配置web页面了。
web页面配置
(1)静态资源
静态资源放在src/main/resources/static目录下
Hello World!
xmlns:th=""命名空间,将镜头转化为动态的视图,需要进行动态处理的元素使用“th:”前缀;link引入jquery框架,通过@{}引入web静态资源(括号里面是资源路径)访问model中的数据通过${}访问。
(4)自定义错误页面 spring-boot错误页面默认在src/main/resources/static/error或者src/main/resources/public/error下,在此简单写了个404页面,命名为404.html放到目录下即可404.html
404 not found
(5)controller
package com.boot.web;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import com.boot.domain.User; import com.boot.service.UserService; @Controller @RequestMapping("/user") public class UserController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @RequestMapping(value = "") public String getIndex(Model model){ User user = userService.selectUserById(1); model.addAttribute("user", user); return "index"; } }
**(6)启动工程
启动工程以后打开即可看到如下图:
若打开任意不存在的页面,会返回404.html中内容
打包工程
使用package命令给工程打包成jar包
mvn package
此时会在target下生成一个jar包,启动即可:
java -jar target\testSpringBoot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
输出如下
λ java -jar target\testSpringBoot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar . ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v1.5.9.RELEASE)